ויהי ביום כלות משה להקים את המשכן, "It was on the day Moses completed erecting the Tabernacle, etc.⁠" This chapter was written after the priests had bestowed their blessing on the people, i.e. in chronological order. On the day Aaron raised his hands over the people in blessing them the inauguration of the Altar commenced. This verse is proof of the opinion expressed in Sifri Nasso 43 that during the seven preceding days Moses erected and dismantled the Tabernacle each day.

וימשחם, "he anointed them,⁠" i.e. with oil.

ויקדש אותם, "he sanctified them.⁠" This was by means of sprinkling blood on the Tabernacle's furnishings including the Altar (compare Ibn Ezra).

A Midrashic approach: the words: "It was on the day Moses completed the erecting of the Tabernacle" are reminiscent of Proverbs 27,18: "He who tends the fig tree will eat its fruit; he who waits on his master will be honoured.⁠" God does not withhold the appropriate reward for any creature. If man has toiled and devoted his best efforts to something worthy he will be rewarded. The Midrash illustrates this with the example of David, his son Solomon, and the Temple. It is well known that the scheme to build the Temple originated with David. Not only did he amass most of the funds and materials for the project but he had drawn up detailed blue prints. This is why we find that psalm 30,1 credits the Temple to David rather than to his son Solomon who had spent seven years building it. At the inauguration the hymn commences with the words מזמור שיר חנוכת הבית לדוד, "a psalm for David. A song for the dedication of the House.⁠" You will observe a similar phenomenon with the Tabernacle. Seeing that Moses had devoted so much effort to see the Tabernacle built, had assembled it, erected it, etc., we find here that though Betzalel was the chief architect and executive carrying out the construction, that the Torah speaks about the day "Moses completed the Tabernacle.⁠" This is the way the Torah expresses its recognition of the contribution by people whose efforts is likened to those who plant a fig tree.
Another Midrashic insight: the words: "it was on the day Moses completed the Tabernacle,⁠" are reminiscent of another part of Psalms 51,2--21 "May it please You to make Zion prosper; rebuild the walls of Jerusalem. Then You will want sacrifices offered in righteousness, burnt and whole offerings; the bulls will be offered on Your altar.⁠" Seeing that in this world, at the inauguration of the Tabernacle the sacrifices were quantitatively minuscule, as described in verse 12, God could have reacted to such measly offerings with some degree of indignation. The Jewish people, forestalling such a complaint explained that seeing they were not in Jerusalem, did not yet have a home of their own, were traveling through the desert, they only presented a token of their esteem for their king God. They hinted in this psalm that as soon as their king would lead them to their permanent home they would reciprocate by presenting the King with sacrifices more in keeping with his stature. In fact when you will study the report of the inauguration of Solomon's Temple and compare it with the inauguration of the Tabernacle you will be amazed at the quantitative difference. The courtyard of the Temple had to be enlarged (the sanctified area) in order to accommodate all the animals being slaughtered on that occasion. Kings I 8,63 tells of 22,000 oxen, 120,0000 sheep. being sacrificed at that time. Even during the days of Ezra, at the inauguration of the second Temple, when the economic and numerical condition of the Jewish people was a far cry from the glorious days of Solomon, we read that 100 bulls, 200 rams, 400 lambs, and 12 goats were offered on that occasion (Ezra 6,17).
Another interpretation: The choice of the word כלות in the verse ויהי ביום כלות משה להקים את המשכן causes Rabbi Yochanan to understand the meaning of the word in the same sense as in Genesis 18,21 where it referred to total extinction of the people of Sodom. As long as the Tabernacle had not been erected the various destructive forces commonly known as demons had free reign on earth. When Moses had ascended Mount Sinai he recited Psalms 91,1 יושב בסתר עליון בצל שדי יתלונן, extolling "the Jewish people who had been allowed to reside in the shelter of the Most High and abide in the protection of Shaddai.⁠" Tanchuma Nasso 23 understands these words slightly differently i.e. the word צל, shadow, has a numerical value of 120. This is the combined number of days (3 times 40) which Moses spent in that "hideout" near God on the mountain. In verse two of that hymn Moses says to God: "my refuge and stronghold, my God in whom I trust.⁠" God responded: "seeing you placed your trust in Me, I will indeed stand by you.⁠" This is why the following verses dealing with miraculous rescues refer particularly to David whom God rescued from certain death at the hands of King Shaul (compare Samuel I 23,26). On the words ותחת כנפיו תחסה צנה וסוחרה אמתו, "and under His wings you will find refuge; His fidelity is an encircling shield (verse 4),⁠" Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish comments in that same Midrash that God promises to act in the fashion described for all who are true students of Torah. The next verse in the psalm, speaking of there being no need to fear the terror by night or the arrow that flies by day, is a reference to destructive forces on earth known by Moses in the psalm, i.e. the ones who fly around by day. The term קטב מרירי mentioned in verse six is a destructive agent whose sighting the victim is not likely to survive at all. It kills man and beast alike without direct contact. To help identify this creature, our author describes its head as similar to the head of a calf, it sprouts one horn on the middle of its forehead; the time of year when it is rampant is between the 17th of Tammuz and the ninth of Av, i.e. the period when the city of Jerusalem and at the end the Temple were captured and destroyed.
When the psalmist (Moses) continues in verse 10 with: "no harm will befall you, no disease will touch your tent,⁠" this is a reference to the Tent of Meeting, the Tabernacle. As long as the Tabernacle had not become functional these various destructive forces were commonplace; from the day described in our verse they ceased to exist.

According to this Midrash it appears that what Moses said about על שחל ופתן תדרוך, תרמוס כפיר ותנין, "you will tread on cubs and vipers; you will trample lions and asps,⁠" (verse 13) refers to 4 distinct groups of demons which are the outgrowths of four specific human beings. I have already referred to this in my commentary on Genesis 4,22 that the sister of Tubal-Kayin was Naamah. This hymn would be recited throughout the ages in Jerusalem. It is mentioned in Tractate Shevuot folios 14 and 15 where we are told that it was not permitted to expand the boundaries (walls) or the holy precincts except with the consent of the king, prophet of the generation, and the High Priest. In addition the Sanhedrin of 71 members had to give its consent and the Urim Vetumim had to be consulted by the High Priest. Two thanksgiving offerings had to be offered to make the changes effective and the Levites had to play their instruments when these offerings were presented and to recite a hymn [psalm 30 and the hymn in which David gives thanks for having escaped the pursuit of his sons Avshalom. Apparently these hymns were obligatory. Ed.]
This is also the meaning of Exodus 25,8: "they shall make for Me a Sanctuary. When the Torah adds the apparently redundant words וכן תעשו, "and so you shall do,⁠" at the end of this verse, the meaning is that whereas at the time the instructions were issued they applied to the construction of the Tabernacle, i.e. ועשו לי, the words וכן תעשו mean that the same rules are to be in effect when it would be time to construct the permanent Temple.
The song mentioned in the Mishnah in Shevuot is the one dealing with the damage inflicted by demons (Psalms 91). They would recite this in Jerusalem to ward off these negative and destructive forces just as Moses had recited it at the time he had supervised construction of the Tabernacle.
Tanchuma Nasso 25 has Rabbi Shimon query why we need to resort to the Book of Psalms to learn all this when we could learn it simply from our verses (the priestly blessings) where surely the words of that blessing address such dangers when the priests ask God to "bless and protect the recipients.⁠" Surely, he reasons the word וישמרך means: "to protect you against all dangers!⁠" Clearly, this blessing had to be effective on the day the Tabernacle was being erected! Rabbi Yehudah son of Rabbi Simon commented that on the day the Tabernacle was erected Moses entered and heard a beautiful voice. He decided to go closer to hear what God had to say. God then said to him: "Moses, welcome; I will speak to them and tell them that I harbor no resentment against them at all and that I am at peace with them, etc.⁠" God quoted Psalms 85,11 to this effect. Up until the day of the Tabernacle being erected there had still been a tug of war between God and the people dating back to the golden calf episode. Concerning this interpretation, also Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said there was no need to search the Book of Psalms for such insights as the priestly blessing in our passage already concluded with the promise of peace for the Jewish people, and that blessing had been bestowed on the people on that day.

להקים את המשכן, "to erect the Tabernacle.⁠" Although the erection of the Tabernacle is credited by the Torah to Moses, the fact is that it erected itself, as we know from Exodus 40,17 הוקם המשכן, "the Tabernacle had been erected.⁠" The Torah had not attributed this to any human being or combination of human beings.
A Midrashic comment based on Tanchuma Nasso 14: the words "to erect the Tabernacle,⁠" are reminiscent of Numbers 24,5 "how goodly are you tents o Yaakov, your sanctuaries, o Israel.⁠" If Bileam mentioned אהליך "your tents,⁠" why did he also have to mention משכנותיך, "your sanctuaries?⁠" The answer given is that the "tents" Bileam referred to were the various locations commencing in the desert where the temporary structure, the Tabernacle would be located. The word משכנותיך, is to be read slightly differently, i.e. משכונותיך, from the word משכון, "pledge, collateral.⁠" The presence of the Tabernacle (containing the Shechinah) in the midst of the Jewish people was to be their pledge that they would be loyal to God. Remember that history bears out that this is exactly what happened. When the Jewish people sinned we experienced retribution as described already in Psalms 78,21 and 60. The forsaking of the Tabernacle in Shiloh in that latter verse was a direct consequence of the people's failure to live up to their part of the bargain.
Another meaning of the words: "to erect the Tabernacle.⁠" According to Rabbi Simon, at the time God gave instructions to the Jewish people to erect the Tabernacle, He instructed the angels in the celestial spheres to do something commensurate so that a celestial Sanctuary was established at the same time as the Tabernacle on earth. The celestial Sanctuary is the Tabernacle of the נער whose name is Mattatron. In that Sanctuary the souls of the righteous are being offered in order for them to atone for their errant brethren, the sinners of the Jewish people during the period the latter are in exile. This is why the Torah wrote את המשכן the word את alluding to the other Sanctuary which had been erected simultaneously. This is also the reason for the words מכון לשבתך פעלת ה',⁠"the foundation of Your dwelling-place Hashem" (Exodus 15,17). Thus far the Midrash.

שש עגלות צב, "six covered wagons, etc.⁠" According to the plain meaning of the text these are a type of oxen trained to draw heavy loads, such as wagons. We find the expression in Isaiah 66,20: ובצבים ובפרדים, "in drays and mules.⁠" Alternatively, the word is related to the word צבה in Numbers 5,21 where it refers to something swollen. Here it means the wagons were fully loaded.

A Midrashic approach based on Bamidbar Rabbah 12,17-21: "The six covered wagons corresponded to six of the heavens. You may ask that after all, there are seven heavens! Rabbi Avin answered that the seventh heaven is reserved as a residence for the "king" (God Himself) and is not included in the regular count of heavens. Moses reportedly said to God: "supposing one of the animals will die or one of the wheels will fall off one of the wagons, is not the entire offering of the princes going to be disqualified and the entire Tabernacle discredited?⁠" [I suppose this is based on only the combined total number of all the princes' offerings making up the number required to complete the symbolism involved. Ed.]
In response to this God said to Moses: קח מאתם והיו לעבודת וגו', "take it from them so they can be used in the service of the Tabernacle" (verse 5). The word והיו in this verse which is not really necessary means that these animals and wagons will have an enduring existence (the normal meaning of the word in connection with the story of creation, for instance). This raises the question for how long did these animals live and these wagons remain functional? Answer: until the building of Solomon's Temple some 480 years later. These oxen were slaughtered and sacrificed on the Altar of the Temple at the inauguration. We read in Chronicles II 7,5 ויזבח המלך שלמה את זבח הבקר עשרים ושנים אלף, "King Solomon slaughtered there as sacrifices 22,000 oxen, etc. We would have expected to read the words זבח בקר instead of the expression זבח הבקר. The latter expression suggests that we have heard about these oxen previously. When did we hear about them? In our passage here. This led Rabbi Meir to state that the animals donated by the princes at this time survived until the inauguration of Solomon's Temple. During all these years these animals had sustained neither blemish nor developed signs of old age (which would have disqualified them as suitable for the Altar).
In fact there is logic in all this: if the oxen whose function in connection with the Tabernacle was merely peripheral, i.e. they served as beasts of burden transporting parts of the Tabernacle, and as a result God endowed them with such longevity and enduring youthful vigour, how much more so must the Tabernacle exert this kind of influence on the Israelites who made the Tabernacle the center of their existence! This is testified to by Moses in his final address to the Jewish people in Deut. 4,4 when he points out to them that the reason they were alive and well on the day he spoke to them was that ואתם הדבקים בה' "you who have been cleaving to the Lord.⁠" Thus far the Midrash.
There is another Midrash Shir Hashirim Rabbah (6,10) on Song of Songs 6,4 on the words יפה את רעיתי כתרצה, "You are beautiful My love when your deeds are pleasing.⁠" The Midrash there also implies that the reason these animals lived so long was because the owners who donated them for the purpose were possessed of purity of thought in doing so. It appears that this Midrash too is based on the wording of a verse on the same procedure but in Kings I 8,63 which prompted the Midrash Rabbah in Nasso. The Midrash in Shir Hashirim uses a different nuance of the verse in Kings I 8,63 where the same offering is described. In that verse in Kings the word בקר appears immediately next to the word לה'. The wording we would have expected there was עשרים ושנים אלף בקר. The association of the word בקר and ה' then are the background to the longevity of these animals. It may well have been a long-standing tradition the sages had on the matter.
Rabbi Meir's additional contribution to this tradition was merely to establish a conceptual link why the Israelites themselves who were devoted to the Tabernacle should be blessed with long life. There were a total of eighteen wagons and animals drawing them, the number eighteen, i.e. חי, i.e. an allusion to the life-sustaining power of the Tabernacle and those connected with its functions.
Two of the wagons were given to the sons of Gershon in accordance with the demands of their work. The other four wagons were given to the sons of Merari in accordance with the demands of the work assigned to them. The work-load of the sons of Merari was much heavier than that of the sons of Gershon. This is why the wagons were not evenly divided between the Levites who had not been commanded to carry the furnishings of the Tabernacle on their shoulders, i.e. the Kehatites. Details of who carried what have been discussed at the beginning of the Parshah.