BESIDE THE FIRST FAMINE THAT WAS IN THE DAYS OF ABRAHAM. Perhaps
"Perhaps." Since in Bereshith Rabbah 25:3, it is stated that there were ten famines in the world, the first one having been in the days of Adam, Ramban writes, "Perhaps," meaning that a famine of such magnitude had never occurred before the days of Abraham, and this explains why Scripture uses it as a reference point.
there was no famine in the world until the days of Abraham. This is why Scripture counts from it, for otherwise, what need is there to mention it? In my opinion the correct reason why Scripture mentions it is to tell us that people remembered the first famine, mentioning that on account of it Abraham went down to Egypt and there G-d did him great honor. It was for this reason that Isaac wanted to go in his father's footsteps by descending into Egypt until it was said to him,
Go not down into Egypt.
(2) here.
The reason for the prohibition has been stated by our Rabbis: "You [Isaac] are a perfect burnt-offering and residence outside of the Land of Israel does not befit you."
Quoted by Rashi in this form. The source is in Bereshith Rabbah.
In my opinion, there is also included in this subject a reference to the future. Abraham's exile into Egypt on account of the famine is an allusion to the exile of his children there.
See Ramban above, 12:10, for complete exposition of this subject.
His going to Abimelech
Chapter 20.
however was not an exile for he resided there of his own volition. But Isaac's going [to the land of Abimelech, as recorded here in this verse,
And Isaac went unto Abimelech] on account of the famine, does allude to an exile since he left his place against his will and went to another land. Now Isaac's exile was from his own place to the land of the Philistines, which was the land in which his father had resided. This alludes to the Babylonian Exile, which took place in the land in which their ancestors had resided, namely, Ur of the Chaldees.
In view of the fact that Ramban, at the end of Seder Noach (11:28), states his opinion at length that Abraham's birthplace was not Ur of the Chaldees, it is necessary to say that the author's reference here is to the time when Terah, his father, took him there, and while being there his life was saved by a miracle. See Ramban there at the end of (28).
Know further that this Babylonian Exile mentioned is mirrored in the events which befell Isaac in that they did not take his wife
As they did to Abraham in Egypt. (12:15).
in the land of the Philistines. Rather, his lot there was only exile and fear. At the beginning Abimelech said,
He that toucheth this man or his wife shall surely be put to death.
Further, (11).
Later he regretted it and said,
Go from us.
(16) here.
Afterwards, he returned and made a covenant with Isaac
Verses 25-31 here.
Similarly, in the Babylonian Exile, they were exiled there
because of the burning heat of famine,
Lamentations 5:10.
and while there, they were neither subjugated, nor were they treated harshly. On the contrary, their leaders were princes in the government. Later on, they said,
Whosoever there is among you of all His people — his G-d be with him — let him go up,
Ezra 1:3.
even alerting the princes and governors beyond the River
Euphrates. The term "beyond the River" here applies to the region beyond the River westward from the standpoint of those in Babylonia or Persia.
to help them. Later on, they ceased work [on the House of G-d in Jerusalem], and it ceased "for a season and a time."
See Ezra 4:24 and Daniel 7:12.
Later, they again changed their policy and gave permission for the construction of the House of G-d, saying,
That they may offer sacrifices of sweet savor unto the G-d of heaven, and pray for the life of the king and his sons.
Ezra 6:10.
TO ABIMELECH, KING OF THE PHILISTINES. It is not known whether this is the same Abimelech who lived in the days of Abraham
Chapter 20.
or whether every Philistine king was so called, for in the time of David he was also called Abimelech.
Psalms 34:1.
Onkelos, however, is of the opinion that the Abimelech with whom Isaac dealt was a son [of the one mentioned in the account of Abraham].
Ramban refers to Onkelos' translation of (28), Let there be now an oath between us, and thee, which Onkelos translates as follows: "Let there be now an oath which was between our fathers between us and thee." Thus Onkelos states that the present Abimelech was a son of the one who lived in the days of Isaac's father.
The reason that Isaac went to Abimelech was that he intended to go down to Egypt, so he went to Abimelech, his father's confederate, in the hope that perhaps he would deal kindly with him in the days of the famine, thus making it unnecessary for him to go down to Egypt. Now Abimelech, on account of his covenant with Abraham, did not harm him or his family at all. However,
the men of the place(7) here.
asked Isaac, in mere quest, concerning his wife, and he said,
She is my sister.
(7) here.
Even so, neither the king nor any of his men touched her for they remembered the affair of Abraham.
Chapter 20.
Hence Abimelech said,
One of the people might lightly have lain,
(10) here.
meaning to say, "I Abimelech did not touch her, and I was careful concerning her, but one of the men of the land might easily have stumbled, and then you would have made us incur guilt, as we sinned in the matter of your father."